Mechanism of Action
Mechanism Of Action of Intralipids Therapy
The exact mechanism of action of Intralipid therapy is not yet fully understood, but there are several proposed theories.
- One theory suggests that Intralipid may affect the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, a type of immune cell involved in the body’s defense against infections and tumor cells. In some cases, elevated levels of NK cells have been associated with implantation failure and recurrent miscarriages. Intralipid therapy may help regulate the activity of these cells, preventing them from attacking the embryo.
- Additionally, Intralipid contains essential fatty acids, such as omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. These fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties and may help reduce inflammation in the uterine lining, promoting a more receptive environment for implantation.
Click Here to understand How Intralipids Modulate the Immune System
Impact on IVF outcomes
How Does Intralipid Therapy Help in IVF?
1. Suppresses Overactive Natural Killer (NK) Cells
- NK cells play a role in defending the body, but excessive activity can lead to embryo rejection.
- Intralipid therapy reduces NK cell toxicity, preventing them from attacking the embryo.
- Studies suggest that women with high NK cells who receive intralipids have higher implantation and pregnancy success rates.
2. Balances Cytokine Levels for a Receptive Uterus
- The immune system produces pro-inflammatory (Th1) and anti-inflammatory (Th2) cytokines.
- A dominant Th1 response leads to inflammation, preventing embryo implantation.
- Intralipids help reduce inflammation and shift the balance towards a more embryo-friendly environment.
3. Enhances Endometrial Receptivity
- Intralipid therapy improves uterine blood flow, promoting better endometrial lining development.
- A well-prepared endometrium increases the chances of successful implantation.
4. Prevents Autoimmune Reactions Against the Embryo
- Some women develop autoantibodies that attack placental cells, leading to miscarriage.
- Intralipid therapy neutralizes harmful immune responses, allowing pregnancy to progress normally.
Administration of Intralipids
The administration of Intralipid therapy typically involves an intravenous infusion. The specific dosage and frequency of the therapy may vary depending on the individual’s diagnosis and treatment protocol determined by the healthcare provider.
Intralipe infusions may be given in 3 dosages:
- The first dose of Intralipid is administered during the mid-stimulation phase of the IVF cycle.
- The second dose is administered around the time of embryo transfer.
- The third dose of Intralipid is administered around the time immediately after a positive pregnancy test.
The dosages and protocols are personalised and will be decided by the doctor based on the individual’s situation after a detailed diagnosis and review.
Conclusion
It’s important to note that while Intralipid therapy has shown promising results in some cases, its effectiveness is still a subject of ongoing research. Studies investigating the benefits of Intralipid therapy have reported varied outcomes, with some showing improved IVF success rates in patients with elevated NK cells or a history of recurrent implantation failure, while others have found no significant difference. Therefore, further research is needed to better understand the optimal dosage, duration, and patient selection criteria for Intralipid therapy.
As with any medical treatment, Intralipid therapy carries potential risks and side effects. Allergic reactions, such as rash or difficulty breathing, can occur, although they are rare. Other possible side effects may include mild fever, chills, nausea, and headache. It’s essential to consult with a qualified reproductive immunology specialist who can evaluate your specific case, discuss potential benefits and risks, and monitor your response to the therapy.
Overall, Intralipid therapy is one of the immune therapy options available to address immune-related factors in infertility. By modulating the immune response and creating a more receptive environment, Intralipid therapy aims to improve the chances of successful embryo implantation and pregnancy. However, individual results may vary, and their use should be determined in consultation with a healthcare professional experienced in reproductive immunology.
